Volume 12, Issue 2 (February 2025), Pages: 136-142

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 Original Research Paper

Strengthening authentication in online learning environments using public key infrastructure: A literature review

 Author(s): 

 Mohammad Husam Alhumsi ^1, *, Hamza Alhumsi ²

 Affiliation(s):

 ¹College of Sciences and Theoretical Studies, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
 ²Saudi Information Technology Company (SITE), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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 * Corresponding Author. 

  Corresponding author's ORCID profile: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0189-4443

 Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

 https://doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2025.02.015

 Abstract

Higher education institutions are increasingly adopting e-learning due to its numerous advantages. Although online education technologies have advanced significantly, issues related to security and privacy have not received adequate attention. This paper reviews existing research on security and privacy challenges in online education, with a particular focus on enhancing online learning environments using Public Key Infrastructure (PKI). The review shows that PKI provides a secure foundation for online interactions by ensuring reliable authentication and data protection. Additionally, both service providers and users benefit from mutual trust when PKI certificates are used to support authentication and authorization processes. Further research could explore how machine learning and deep learning can enhance security measures and strengthen the effectiveness of PKI systems.

 © 2025 The Authors. Published by IASE.

 This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

 Keywords

 E-learning security, Privacy concerns, Public key infrastructure, Online authentication, Machine learning security

 Article history

 Received 19 September 2024, Received in revised form 13 January 2025, Accepted 28 January 2025

 Acknowledgment

No Acknowledgment.

 Compliance with ethical standards

 Conflict of interest: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

 Citation:

 Alhumsi MH and Alhumsi H (2025). Strengthening authentication in online learning environments using public key infrastructure: A literature review. International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 12(2): 136-142

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