International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences
Int. j. adv. appl. sci.
EISSN: 2313-3724
Print ISSN: 2313-626X
Volume 4, Issue 7 (July 2017), Pages: 129-135
Title: Organization citizenship behaviour, psychological empowerment and demographic characteristics: Teachers’ perspective
Author(s): Ammara Saleem 1, Q. A. Nisar 2, Asma Imran 3, *
Affiliation(s):
1Department of Business Administration, Bahauddin Zakairiya University, Sahiwal, Pakistan
2COMSTS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
3Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
https://doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2017.07.019
Abstract:
Several studies showed that the empowerment is pathway to organization citizenship behaviour (OCB) among teachers. Therefore this study focuses on investigating the relationship of psychological empowerment, demographic characteristics and organizational citizenship behaviour Participants of the survey were both from public and private sector universities of Punjab. Data was collected using the self-administered questionnaire. 213 questionnaires were distributed among the different 18 universities in Pakistan. We received 194 questionnaires from our respondents but only 180 was accurately filled and used for further analysis. Thus the response rate is 85%. To determine relation between empowerment and OCB regression analysis was used. ANOVA analysis and independent sample t-test was used to examine the influence of demographic characteristics on OCB. Our findings show that psychological empowerment is significantly and strongly related to OCB. Furthermore, demographics are also found to be important to promote the OCB in university teachers, whereas tenure of the job is found to be significant predictor of employee empowerment.
© 2017 The Authors. Published by IASE.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Keywords: Psychological empowerment, Organization citizenship behaviour, Demographic characteristics, University teachers
Article History: Received 20 February 2017, Received in revised form 27 May 2017, Accepted 28 May 2017
Digital Object Identifier:
https://doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2017.07.019
Citation:
Saleem A, Nisar QA, And Imran A (2017). Organization citizenship behaviour, psychological empowerment and demographic characteristics: Teachers’ perspective. International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 4(7): 129-135
http://www.science-gate.com/IJAAS/V4I7/Saleem.html
References:
Abazeed R (2009). The effect of psychological empowerment on citizenship behavior of employees in social security corporation in Jordan. An-Najah University Journal for Research, 24(2): 493-519. | ||||
Bagheri G, Matin HZ, and Amighi F (2011). The relationship between empowerment and organizational citizenship behavior of the pedagogical organization employees. Iranian Journal of Management Studies, 4(2): 53-62. | ||||
Barroso CC, Martín Armario E, and Martín Ruiz D (2004). The influence of employee organizational citizenship behavior on customer loyalty. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 15(1): 27-53. https://doi.org/10.1108/09564230410523321 |
||||
Bhatnagar J and Sandhu S (2005). Psychological empowerment and organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) in 'IT' managers: A talent retention tool. Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 40(4): 449-469. | ||||
Bogler R and Somech A (2004). Influence of teacher empowerment on teachers' organizational commitment, professional commitment and organizational citizenship behavior in schools. Teaching and Teacher Education, 20(3): 277-289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2004.02.003 |
||||
Choong YO, Wong KL, and Lau TC (2011). Psychological empowerment and organizational commitment in the Malaysian private higher education institutions: A review and research agenda. Academic Research International, 1(3): 236-245. | ||||
Conger JA and Kanungo RN (1988). The empowerment process: Integrating theory and practice. Academy of Management Review, 13(3): 471-482. | ||||
Diefendorff JM, Brown DJ, Kamin AM, and Lord RG (2002). Examining the roles of job involvement and work centrality in predicting organizational citizenship behaviors and job performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23(1): 93-108. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.123 |
||||
Edwards JL, Green KE, and Lyons CA (2002). Personal empowerment, efficacy, and environmental characteristics. Journal of Educational Administration, 40(1): 67-86. https://doi.org/10.1108/09578230210415652 |
||||
George JM and Brief AP (1992). Feeling good-doing good: A conceptual analysis of the mood at work-organizational spontaneity relationship. Psychological Bulletin, 112(2): 310-329. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.2.310 PMid:1454897 |
||||
Greasley K, Bryman A, Dainty A, Price A, Naismith N, and Soetanto R (2008). Understanding empowerment from an employee perspective: what does it mean and do they want it?. Team Performance Management: An International Journal, 14(1/2): 39-55. https://doi.org/10.1108/13527590810860195 |
||||
Hair JF, Black WC, Babin BJ, Anderson RE, and Tatham RL (2006). Multivariate data analysis. 6th Edition, Pearson Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, USA. | ||||
Howell JP and Dorfman PW (1986). Leadership and substitutes for leadership among professional and nonprofessional workers. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 22(1): 29-46. https://doi.org/10.1177/002188638602200106 PMid:10276301 |
||||
Hrebiniak LG and Alutto JA (1972). Personal and role-related factors in the development of organizational commitment. Administrative Science Quarterly, 17(4): 555-573. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393833 |
||||
Huey YL and Zaman BAK (2009). The moderating effects of organizational culture on the relationships between leadership behaviour and organizational commitment and between organizational commitment and job satisfaction and performance. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 30(1): 53-86. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437730910927106 |
||||
Jiang X and Fu Q (2011). Relationship between universities organizational culture, teachers' psychological empowerment and organizational citizenship behavior. In the 4th International Joint Conference on Computational Sciences and Optimization, IEEE, Yunnan, China: 699-703. https://doi.org/10.1109/cso.2011.217 |
||||
Jin-Liang W and Hai-Zhen W (2012). The influences of psychological empowerment on work attitude and behavior in Chinese organizations. African Journal of Business Management, 6(30): 8938-8947. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajbm12.817 |
||||
Karavardar G (2014). Perceived organizational support, psychological empowerment, organizational citizenship behavior, job performance and job embeddedness: A research on the fast food industry in Istanbul, Turkey. International Journal of Business and Management, 9(4): 131-139. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v9n4p131 |
||||
Katz D (1964). The motivational basis of organizational behavior. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 9(2): 131-146. https://doi.org/10.1002/bs.3830090206 |
||||
Kernodle TA (2007). Antecedents and consequences of organizational citizenship behavior: A hierarchical linear modeling study. Ph.D. Dissertation, Touro University International, Cypress, USA. | ||||
Khan I, Khan F, Khan H, Nawaz A, and Yar NB (2013). Determining the demographic impacts on the organizational commitment of academicians in the HEIs of DCs like Pakistan. European Journal of Sustainable Development, 2(4): 117-130 https://doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2013.v2n2p117 |
||||
Khan SK and Rashid MZA (2015). The mediating effect of organizational commitment in the organizational culture, leadership and organizational justice relationship with organizational citizenship behavior: A study of academicians in private higher learning institutions in Malaysia. International Journal of Recent Advances in Organizational Behaviour and Decision Sciences (IJRAOB): An Online International Research Journal, 1(2): 335-359. | ||||
MacKenzi SB, Podsakoff PM, and Fetter R (1993). The impact of organizational citizenship behavior on evaluations of salesperson performance. The Journal of Marketing, 57(1): 70-80. https://doi.org/10.2307/1252058 |
||||
Maeroff GI (1988). The empowerment of teachers. overcoming the crisis of confidence. Teachers College Press, New York, USA. | ||||
Mahnaz MA, Mehdi M, Jafar KM, and Abbolghasem P (2013). The effect of demographic characteristics on organizational citizenship behavior in the selected teaching hospitals in Tehran. African Journal of Business Management, 7(34): 3324-3331. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJBM2013.7117 |
||||
Mearaj A (2010) Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB): Inside Bahraini Organizations. Ph.D. Dissertation, Open University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. | ||||
Meyer JP and Allen NJ (1984). Testing the" side-bet theory" of organizational commitment: Some methodological considerations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 69(3): 372-378. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.69.3.372 |
||||
Moghimi M (2013). The mediating effects of psychological empowerment and job satisfaction in the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational citizen behavior. Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research, 3(5): 237-244. | ||||
Narang R and Dwivedi A (2010). Managing the job satisfaction of knowledge workers: An empirical investigation. Asia Pacific Journal of Business and Management, 1(1): 1-14. | ||||
Nezakati H, Asgari O, Karimi F, and Kohzadi V (2010). Fostering organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) through human resources empowerment (HRE). World Journal of Management, 2(3): 47-64. | ||||
Organ DW (1977). A reappraisal and reinterpretation of the satisfaction-causes-performance hypothesis. Academy of management Review, 2(1): 46-53. | ||||
Organ DW (1988). Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome. Lexington Books/DC Heath and Com, Lexington, USA. | ||||
Organ DW (1990). The motivational basis of organizational citizenship behavior. Research in Organizational Behavior, 12(1): 43-72. | ||||
Organ DW, Podsakoff PM, and MacKenzie SB (2006). Organizational citizenship behavior: Its nature, antecedents, and consequences. Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, USA. | ||||
Paxton P (2006). Building empowered students: The perennial challenge for university teachers. In the EDU-COM International Conference, Edith Cowan University, Western Australia in Association with Khon Kaen University, Thailand and Bansomdejchaopraya Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand. Available online at: http://ro.ecu.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1094&context=ceducom | ||||
Podsakoff PM, MacKenzie SB, Paine JB, and Bachrach DG (2000). Organizational citizenship behaviors: A critical review of the theoretical and empirical literature and suggestions for future research. Journal of Management, 26(3): 513-563. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630002600307 |
||||
Premsagunnism N (2009). Relationship of personal factors and organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of Education, 30(12): 177-99. | ||||
Rezaian A (2006). Basics of organizational behaviours. Management Publication, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran. | ||||
Rinehart J and Short PM (1994). Job satisfaction and empowerment among teacher leaders, reading recovery teachers, and regular classroom teachers. Academic Journal Article Education, 114(4): 570–580. | ||||
Robbins SP and Judge TA (2009) Organizational behavior. 13th ed., Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, USA. | ||||
Sarkhosh M and Rezaee AA (2014). How does university teachers' emotional intelligence relate to their self-efficacy beliefs. Porta Linguarum: Revista Internacional De Didáctica De Las Lenguas Extranjeras, (21): 85-100. | ||||
Spector PE (1986). Perceived control by employees: A meta-analysis of studies concerning autonomy and participation at work. Human Relations, 39(11): 1005-1016 https://doi.org/10.1177/001872678603901104 |
||||
Spreitzer GM (1995). Psychological empowerment in the workplace: Dimensions, measurement, and validation. Academy of Management Journal, 38(5): 1442-1465. https://doi.org/10.2307/256865 |
||||
Sweetland SR and Hoy WK (2000). School characteristics and educational outcomes: Toward an organizational model of student achievement in middle schools. Educational Administration Quarterly, 36(5): 703-729. https://doi.org/10.1177/00131610021969173 |
||||
Thomas KW and Velthouse BA (1990). Cognitive elements of empowerment: An interpretive model of intrinsic task motivation. Academy of Management Review, 15(4): 666-681. | ||||
Van Dyne L, Graham JW, and Dienesch RM (1994). Organizational citizenship behavior: Construct redefinition, measurement, and validation. Academy of Management Journal, 37(4): 765-802. https://doi.org/10.2307/256600 |
||||
Wang JL and Zhang DJ (2012). An exploratory investigation on psychological empowerment among Chinese Teachers. Advances in Psychology Study, 1(3): 13-21. | ||||
Wanxian L and Weiwu W (2007). A demographic study on citizenship behavior as in-role orientation. Personality and Individual Differences, 42(2): 225-234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2006.06.014 |
||||
Wat D and Shaffer MA (2005). Equity and relationship quality influences on organizational citizenship behaviors: The mediating role of trust in the supervisor and empowerment. Personnel Review, 34(4): 406-422. https://doi.org/10.1108/00483480510599752 |