Preparation and characterization of cellulose and microcrystalline cellulose isolated from waste Leucaena leucocephala seeds

Husin, Maryam; Li, Abd Rashid; Ramli, Norfadhilah; Romli, Ahmad Zafir; Hakimi, Mohd Idham; Ilham, Zul

International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences

Int. j. adv. appl. sci.

EISSN: 2313-3724

Print ISSN: 2313-626X

Volume 4, Issue 3 (March 2017), Pages: 51-58

Title: Preparation and characterization of cellulose and microcrystalline cellulose isolated from waste Leucaena leucocephala seeds

Author(s): Maryam Husin ^1,2, Abd Rashid Li ³, Norfadhilah Ramli ², Ahmad Zafir Romli ⁴, Mohd Idham Hakimi ², Zul Ilham ^2,*

Affiliation(s):

¹Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 44050 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
²Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
³Phytochemistry Program, Natural Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia
⁴Institute of Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 44050 Shah Alam Selangor, Malaysia

https://doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2017.03.009

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Abstract:

Cellulose and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) were isolated from waste Leucaena leucocephala seeds (LLS) by using acid hydrolysis method. Waste LLS are unused residues after extraction of oil for conversion to biodiesel. Cellulose from LLS (LLS-cellulose) has been isolated by using 80% acetic acid and 65% nitric acid to yield 33% cellulose. MCC was further prepared from the LLS-cellulose via the acid hydrolysis method and yield 71%. The obtained LLS-cellulose and LLS-MCC samples were comparatively investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy technique (FESEM). FTIR second derivative showed the presence of minor amounts of bound hemicellulose and relatively free of lignin compound. The crystallinity index of LLS-cellulose is higher than LLS-MCC, indicating higher crystallize size and thermal decomposition. FESEM image also showed that there is smooth surface of raw LLS after hot boiling extraction for 2 hours. Thus, this study revealed that the lignin and hemicelluloses can be removed efficiently by using hot water treatment. In addition, cellulose components produced from waste LLS could be used as precursors of other industrial applications.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Keywords: Waste Leucaena leucocephala seeds, Agricultural residues, Cellulose, Lignocellulosic, Biomass

Article History: Received 3 November 2016, Received in revised form 6 January 2017, Accepted 8 January 2017

Digital Object Identifier:

https://doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2017.03.009

Citation:

Husin M, Li AR, Ramli N, Romli AZ, Hakimi MI, and Ilham Z (2017). Preparation and characterization of cellulose and microcrystalline cellulose isolated from waste Leucaena leucocephala seeds. International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 4(3): 51-58

http://www.science-gate.com/IJAAS/V4I3/Husin.html

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