International Journal of

ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES

EISSN: 2313-3724, Print ISSN: 2313-626X

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 Volume 10, Issue 5 (May 2023), Pages: 72-85

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 Review Paper

Minimal residual disease in acute leukemia based on the insight of molecular genetics monitoring

 Author(s): 

 Najiah M. Alyamani *

 Affiliation(s):

 Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21493, Saudi Arabia

  Full Text - PDF          XML

 * Corresponding Author. 

  Corresponding author's ORCID profile: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5457-227X

 Digital Object Identifier: 

 https://doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2023.05.009

 Abstract:

Patients with acute leukemia port 10 malignant cells at presentation. Following chemotherapy or stem cell transplant, patients in complete remission by conventional analyses may still harbor 106/108 malignant cells below the detection limit of standard clinical assessment. Minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring is one of the most powerful predictors of disease-free and overall survival, particularly for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (cALL), the percent annual of cALL increase in the incidence of cALL in Saudi Arabia. Breakpoint fusion regions of chromosomal aberrations can be used as tumor-specific targets for MRD detection by polymerase chain reaction. Levels of MRD, measured at critical time points, significantly correlate with clinical outcomes. Previous works investigated the prognostic significance of leukemia-associated immunophenotypes (LAIPs) as an assessment of the index of MRD in 125 adult B-ALL patients by eight-colour flow cytometry. More advanced molecular and genetics studies are so necessary to identify the mechanisms and cellular structure of the minimal-level disease. Selecting molecular methods for minimal residual disease detection have a much higher sensitivity and precision (100-fold or more) than others. This review highlights the minimal residual disease molecular detection to demonstrate the characterization of the lymphoblastic leukemia gene. Precise MRD monitoring predicts disease relapse after chemotherapy or SCT, provides early intervention, and may result in the rescue of many patients and improvement in the probability of long-term disease-free survival.

 © 2023 The Authors. Published by IASE.

 This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

 Keywords: Minimal residual disease, Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Acute myeloid leukemia, Polymerase chain reaction, Bone marrow

 Article History: Received 16 November 2022, Received in revised form 10 March 2023, Accepted 14 March 2023

 Acknowledgment 

No Acknowledgment.

 Compliance with ethical standards

 Conflict of interest: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

 Citation:

 Alyamani NM (2023). Minimal residual disease in acute leukemia based on the insight of molecular genetics monitoring. International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 10(5): 72-85

 Permanent Link to this page

 Figures

 Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3

 Tables

 Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Table 5 Table 6 Table 7 Table 8 Table 9 Table 10

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