International Journal of

ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES

EISSN: 2313-3724, Print ISSN: 2313-626X

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 Volume 8, Issue 4 (April 2021), Pages: 110-116

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 Original Research Paper

 Title: The effects of age, gender, education, and APOE on the transitions from a cognitively normal state to mild cognitive impairment and dementia

 Author(s): Badr Alnasser *

 Affiliation(s):

 Department of Health Management, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia

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 * Corresponding Author. 

  Corresponding author's ORCID profile: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7787-7412

 Digital Object Identifier: 

 https://doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2021.04.013

 Abstract:

To determine the effects of a number of risk factors on the transition from a cognitively normal state to mild cognitive impairment (MCI), as transient states, and then to dementia and death, as absorbing states. The study used the data of 8,456 subjects obtained from the Uniform Data Set (UDS) conducted by the National Alzheimer Coordinating Center (NACC), and categorized them into four cognitive states; normal and MCI (transient states), dementia, and death (absorbing states). Then, statistical analysis was conducted to obtain how age, gender, educational attainment, and presence of apolipoprotein 4 allele (APOE) affect the odds of transitioning from one cognitive state to another, and to death as a competing state. Both age and APOE risk had profound effects on the cognitive transition of subjects from one state to another, and to a lesser extent, gender and education attainment. This study has contributed more evidence that risk factors like age, presence of apolipoprotein 4 allele (APOE), and to a lesser extent, education and gender have significant effects in all or some of the transitions from one cognitive state to another among elderly people. 

 © 2021 The Authors. Published by IASE.

 This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

 Keywords: Risk factors, Elderly, Apolipoprotein 4 allele, Cognitive impairment, Dementia

 Article History: Received 16 September 2020, Received in revised form 23 December 2020, Accepted 31 December 2020

 Acknowledgment:

The NACC database is funded by NIA/NIH Grant U01 AG016976. NACC data are contributed by the NIA-funded ADCs: P30 AG019610 (PI Eric Reiman, MD), P30 AG013846 (PI Neil Kowall, MD), P50 AG008702 (PI Scott Small, MD), P50 AG025688 (PI Allan Levey, MD, PhD), P50 AG047266 (PI Todd Golde, MD, PhD), P30 AG010133 (PI Andrew Saykin, PsyD), P50 AG005146 (PI Marilyn Albert, PhD), P50 AG005134 (PI Bradley Hyman, MD, PhD), P50 AG016574 (PI Ronald Petersen, MD, PhD), P50 AG005138 (PI Mary Sano, PhD), P30 AG008051 (PI Thomas Wisniewski, MD), P30 AG013854 (PI Robert Vassar, PhD), P30 AG008017 (PI Jeffrey Kaye, MD), P30 AG010161 (PI David Bennett, MD), P50 AG047366 (PI Victor Henderson, MD, MS), P30 AG010129 (PI Charles DeCarli, MD), P50 AG016573 (PI Frank LaFerla, PhD), P50 AG005131 (PI James Brewer, MD, PhD), P50 AG023501 (PI Bruce Miller, MD), P30 AG035982 (PI Russell Swerdlow, MD), P30 AG028383 (PI Linda Van Eldik, PhD), P30 AG053760 (PI Henry Paulson, MD, PhD), P30 AG010124 (PI John Trojanowski, MD, PhD), P50 AG005133 (PI Oscar Lopez, MD), P50 AG005142 (PI Helena Chui, MD), P30 AG012300 (PI Roger Rosenberg, MD), P30 AG049638 (PI Suzanne Craft, PhD), P50 AG005136 (PI Thomas Grabowski, MD), P50 AG033514 (PI Sanjay Asthana, MD, FRCP), P50 AG005681 (PI John Morris, MD), P50 AG047270 (PI Stephen Strittmatter, MD, PhD).

 Compliance with ethical standards

 Conflict of interest: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

 Citation:

  Alnasser B (2021). The effects of age, gender, education, and APOE on the transitions from a cognitively normal state to mild cognitive impairment and dementia. International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 8(4): 110-116

 Permanent Link to this page

 Figures

 Fig. 1 

 Tables

 Table 1 Table 2

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