International Journal of

ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES

EISSN: 2313-3724, Print ISSN: 2313-626X

Frequency: 12
line decor
  
line decor

 Volume 7, Issue 9 (September 2020), Pages: 21-28

----------------------------------------------

 Original Research Paper

 Title: Experience of workplace violence against emergency nurses: Suggesting managerial policies and control measures

 Author(s): Sahar Abdel-Latif Abdel-Sattar 1, Manal S. Moustafa Saleh 1, 2, *, Atallah Alenezi 3

 Affiliation(s):

 1Nursing Administration, Faculty of Nursing, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
 2Nursing Administration, College of Applied Medical Science, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
 3Nursing Mental Health, College of Applied Medical Science, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia

  Full Text - PDF          XML

 * Corresponding Author. 

  Corresponding author's ORCID profile: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7567-3515

 Digital Object Identifier: 

 https://doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2020.09.004

 Abstract:

The occupational health and safety duty act requires employers to provide a safe and healthy workplace for all of their responsible nursing staff and to gross rational steps to avoid or decline the risk of workplace violence. The aim of the study was to investigate workplace violence against emergency nurses: Suggesting managerial policies and measures used to control it. Descriptive methodological approach was used to fulfillment study aim. The study was conducted at emergency hospital of Zagazig University Hospitals. A purposive sample of 135 nurses working in emergency hospital and fulfilled the inclusion criteria and Jury committee sample (30 experts). An adjusted self-administered questionnaire which comprised of three parts: Socio-demographic of the nurses, Workplace violence and opinionative sheet. The findings clear that 39.3% of the nurses were aged from 20-30 years, with a mean age 35.61±10.67years. The majority of them (89.6%) were females. More than half of them (53.3%) were reported very worried, while only one-quarter (25.9%) of them reported that they didn't worried at all. All the studied nurses (100%) exposed to workplace violence, and 63.0% of them exposed to physical workplace violence. two-thirds of them (68.1%) were very dissatisfied with the manner in which the incident was handled. (97.0%) nurses reported their hospital did not develop any policies related workplace violence. Suggesting managerial policies and control measures should be applied and practiced at Emergency hospital, disseminated by the hospital administration to all departments, reviewed, revised and updated periodically as appropriate and as necessary. 

 © 2020 The Authors. Published by IASE.

 This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

 Keywords: Workplace-violence, Emergency nurses, Managerial policies, Control measures

 Article History: Received 25 January 2020, Received in revised form 2 May 2020, Accepted 19 May 2020

 Acknowledgment:

No Acknowledgment.

 Compliance with ethical standards

 Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

 Citation:

 Abdel-Sattar SAL, Saleh MSM, and Alenezi A (2020). Experience of workplace violence against emergency nurses: Suggesting managerial policies and control measures. International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 7(9): 21-28

 Permanent Link to this page

 Figures

 Fig. 1 Fig. 2

 Tables

 Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Table 5

----------------------------------------------

 References (42)

  1. Abdellah RF and Salama KM (2017). Prevalence and risk factors of workplace violence against health care workers in emergency department in Ismailia, Egypt. Pan African Medical Journal, 26(1): 1-8. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2017.26.21.10837   [Google Scholar] PMid:28451000 PMCid:PMC5398248
  2. Abed AH (2014). Violence against emergency care staff in Basra hospitals. International Journal of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4(2): 99-110.   [Google Scholar]
  3. Abou-ElWafa HS, El-Gilany AH, Abd-El-Raouf SE, Abd-Elmouty SM, and El-Sayed Hassan El-Sayed R (2015). Workplace violence against emergency versus non-emergency nurses in Mansoura university hospitals, Egypt. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 30(5): 857-872. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260514536278   [Google Scholar] PMid:24970863
  4. Ahmed AS (2012). Verbal and physical abuse against Jordanian nurses in the work environment. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 18(4): 318-325. https://doi.org/10.26719/2012.18.4.318   [Google Scholar] PMid:22768692
  5. Al Ubaidi B (2018). Workplace violence in healthcare: An emerging occupational hazard. Bahrain Medical Bulletin, 40(1): 43-45. https://doi.org/10.12816/0047466   [Google Scholar]
  6. Algwaiz WM and Alghanim SA (2012). Violence exposure among health care professionals in Saudi public hospitals. Saudi Medical Journal, 33(1): 76-82.   [Google Scholar]
  7. Alyaemni A and Alhudaithi H (2016). Workplace violence against nurses in the emergency departments of three hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional survey. Nursing Plus Open, 2: 35-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.npls.2016.09.001   [Google Scholar]
  8. ANA (2019). Reporting incidents of workplace violence. American Nurses Association, Maryland, USA.   [Google Scholar]
  9. Arnetz JE, Hamblin L, Essenmacher L, Upfal MJ, Ager J, and Luborsky M (2015). Understanding patient‐to‐worker violence in hospitals: A qualitative analysis of documented incident reports. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 71(2): 338-348. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.12494   [Google Scholar] PMid:25091833 PMCid:PMC5006065
  10. Blanchar Y (2011). Violence in the health care sector: A global issue. World Medical Journal, 57(3): 87-89.   [Google Scholar]
  11. Chappell D and Di Martino V (2006). Violence at work. International Labour Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.   [Google Scholar]
  12. Duncan SM, Hyndamn K, Estabrooks CA, Hesketh K, Humphrey CK, Wong JS, and Giovannetti P (2016). Nurses' experience of violence in Alberta and British Columbia hospitals. Canadian Journal of Nursing Research Archive, 32: 57-78.   [Google Scholar]
  13. Ebrahim SM and Issa SS (2018). Work place violence against nursing staff working in emergency departments at general hospitals in Basra city. Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development, 9(6): 239-244. https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2018.00557.0   [Google Scholar]
  14. Esmaeili MH, Nabavi FH, and Reihani HR (2015). Evaluation of violence of patients and their families against emergency nurses. Iranian Journal of Critical Care Nursing, 7(4): 227-236.   [Google Scholar]
  15. Esmaeilpour M, Salsali M, and Ahmadi F (2011). Workplace violence against Iranian nurses working in emergency departments. International Nursing Review, 58(1): 130-137. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-7657.2010.00834.x   [Google Scholar] PMid:21281305
  16. Fute M, Mengesha ZB, Wakgari N, and Tessema GA (2015). High prevalence of workplace violence among nurses working at public health facilities in Southern Ethiopia. BMC Nursing, 14: 9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-015-0062-1   [Google Scholar] PMid:25767412 PMCid:PMC4357058
  17. Gale C, Arroll B, and Coverdale J (2006). Aggressive acts by patients against general practitioners in New Zealand: One-year prevalence. The New Zealand Medical Journal, 119(1237): U2050.   [Google Scholar]
  18. Guay S, Goncalves J, and Jarvis J (2014). Verbal violence in the workplace according to victims' sex: A systematic review of the literature. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 19(5): 572-578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2014.08.001   [Google Scholar]
  19. Hemati-Esmaeili M, Heshmati-Nabavi F, Pouresmail Z, Mazlom S, and Reihani H (2018). Educational and managerial policy making to reduce workplace violence against nurses: An action research study. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 23(6): 478-485. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnmr.IJNMR_77_17   [Google Scholar] PMid:30386399 PMCid:PMC6178581
  20. Higazee MZA and Rayan A (2017). Consequences and control measures of workplace violence among nurses. Journal of Nursing and Health Studies, 2(3:22). https://doi.org/10.21767/2574-2825.100022   [Google Scholar]
  21. ILO/ICN/WHO/PSI (2003). Workplace violence in the health sector country case study–questionnaire. International Labour Organization/International Council of Nurses/World Health Organization/Public Services International, Geneva, Switzerland.   [Google Scholar]
  22. Israel GD (2013). Determining sample size. Program Evaluation and Organizational Development, IFAS, University of Florida, Florida, USA. Available online at: https://bit.ly/2XPgSi0
  23. Jabbari-Bairami H, Heidari F, Ghorbani V, and Bakhshian F (2013). Workplace violence: A regional survey in Iranian hospitals’ emergency departments. International Journal of Hospital Research, 2(1): 11-16.   [Google Scholar]
  24. Jiao M, Ning N, Li Y, Gao L, Cui Y, Sun H, and Hao Y (2015). Workplace violence against nurses in Chinese hospitals: A cross-sectional survey. BMJ Open, 5(3): e006719. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006719   [Google Scholar] PMid:25814496 PMCid:PMC4386227
  25. Keyvanara M, Maracy MR, and Ziari NB (2015). A study conducted on the demographic factors of victims of violence in support and administrative departments of hospital in 2013. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 4: 35. https://doi.org/10.4103/2277-9531.157192   [Google Scholar]
  26. Lippel K (2016). Addressing occupational violence: An overview of conceptual and policy considerations viewed through a gender lens. International Labour Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.   [Google Scholar]
  27. Magnavita N and Heponiemi T (2011). Workplace violence against nursing students and nurses: An Italian experience. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 43(2): 203-210. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.2011.01392.x   [Google Scholar] PMid:21605325
  28. Morken T, Johansen IH, and Alsaker K (2015). Dealing with workplace violence in emergency primary health care: A focus group study. BMC Family Practice, 16: 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-015-0276-z   [Google Scholar] PMid:25929751 PMCid:PMC4426652
  29. Ncube F and Kanda A (2018). Current status and the future of occupational safety and health legislation in low-and middle-income countries. Safety and Health at Work, 9(4): 365-371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2018.01.007   [Google Scholar] PMid:30559983 PMCid:PMC6284162
  30. OSHA (2017). Workplace violence in healthcare: Understanding the challenge. OSHA 3826 Report, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Washington, USA.   [Google Scholar]
  31. Rayan A, Qurneh A, Elayyan R, and Baker O (2016). Developing a policy for workplace violence against nurses and health care professionals in Jordan: A plan of action. American Journal of Public Health Research, 4(2): 47-55.   [Google Scholar]
  32. Roche M, Diers D, Duffield C, and Catling‐Paull C (2010). Violence toward nurses, the work environment, and patient outcomes. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 42(1): 13-22. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1547-5069.2009.01321.x   [Google Scholar] PMid:20487182
  33. Rodwell J and Demir D (2012). Oppression and exposure as differentiating predictors of types of workplace violence for nurses. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 21(15‐16): 2296-2305. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2012.04192.x   [Google Scholar] PMid:22788563
  34. Sharma RK and Sharma V (2016). Workplace violence in nursing. Journal of Nursing and Care, 5(335): 2167-1168.   [Google Scholar]
  35. Sousa LS, Oliveira RM, Ferreira Brito YC, Cavalcante Fernandes BK, Montesuma FG, and Melo Dodt RC (2018). Workplace violence in the hospital obstetrics. Journal of Nursing UFPE/Revista de Enfermagem UFPE, 12(10): 2794-2802. https://doi.org/10.5205/1981-8963-v12i10a236823p2794-2802-2018   [Google Scholar]
  36. Stene J, Larson E, Levy M, and Dohlman M (2015). Workplace violence in the emergency department: Giving staff the tools and support to report. The Permanente Journal, 19(2), e113- e117. https://doi.org/10.7812/TPP/14-187   [Google Scholar] PMid:25902352 PMCid:PMC4403590
  37. Teymourzadeh E, Rashidian A, Arab M, Akbari-Sari A, and Hakimzadeh SM (2014). Nurses exposure to workplace violence in a large teaching hospital in Iran. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 3(6): 301-305. https://doi.org/10.15171/ijhpm.2014.98   [Google Scholar] PMid:25396205 PMCid:PMC4226619
  38. Warren B (2011). Workplace violence in hospitals: Safe havens no more. Journal of Healthcare Protection Management: Publication of the International Association for Hospital Security, 27(2): 9-17.   [Google Scholar]
  39. Whelan T (2008). The escalating trend of violence toward nurses. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 34(2): 130-133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2007.05.018   [Google Scholar] PMid:18358351
  40. Xing K, Zhang X, Jiao M, Cui Y, Lu Y, Liu J, and Liang L (2016). Concern about workplace violence and its risk factors in Chinese township hospitals: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 13(8): 811. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13080811   [Google Scholar] PMid:27517949 PMCid:PMC4997497
  41. Yoo HJ, Suh EE, Lee SH, Hwang JH, and Kwon JH (2018). Experience of violence from the clients and coping methods among intensive care unit nurses working in a hospital in South Korea. Asian Nursing Research, 12(2): 77-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2018.02.005   [Google Scholar] PMid:29535021
  42. Zainal N, Rasdi I, and Saliluddin SM (2018). The risk factors of workplace violence among healthcare workers in public hospital. Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 14(SP2): 120-127.   [Google Scholar]