International journal of

ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES

EISSN: 2313-3724, Print ISSN:2313-626X

Frequency: 12
line decor
  
line decor

 Volume 6, Issue 8 (August 2019), Pages: 1-8

----------------------------------------------

 Original Research Paper

 Title: The urban heat island in a coastal Mediterranean city: The case study of Kyrenia, Cyprus

 Author(s): Mehmet Atak 1, *, Can Kara 2, Buket Asilsoy 3, Özge Özden 3

 Affiliation(s):

 1Department of Parks and Urban Spaces, Kyrenia Municipality, Kyrenia, North Cyprus
 2Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture, Near East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus
 3Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Architecture, Near East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus

  Full Text - PDF          XML

 * Corresponding Author. 

  Corresponding author's ORCID profile: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6014-3693

 Digital Object Identifier: 

 https://doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2019.08.001

 Abstract:

As a result of rapid urbanization worldwide, the vegetation areas, grasslands, and forests were replaced with construction and buildings. It is known that roads, pavements, concrete surfaces and walls all absorb sunlight during daytime and reflect heat as heat waves at night. It is clear that green areas have a significant role in urban life. Most of the research conducted in this field has shown that green areas mitigate the urban heat island, improve air quality, decrease noise and manage stormwater within the cities. Green spaces, green roofs, green walls, street trees, and water sources all have a positive impact on urban temperatures. Unfortunately, due to the rapid expansion in urbanization activities in Kyrenia, northern Cyprus, urban green spaces are decreasing at an alarming rate. Therefore, two different experimental works have been applied within the region; the first of these studies has been conducted on Ziya Rızkı Avenue. In this first study, temperature differences of shading with and without trees were measured. Additionally, the second study focused on the temperature differences between urban and rural areas. In the second research, urban and rural spaces were measured concurrently over a period of one month. It was proved by both studies that green spaces mitigate urban temperatures. Therefore, research results should be taken into consideration and architects, urban designers and planners should pay attention to green areas, street trees, parks, green roofs, and vertical green system establishments. 

 © 2019 The Authors. Published by IASE.

 This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

 Keywords: Urban heat island, Green areas, Anthropogenic heat, Urbanization, Kyrenia, Northern Cyprus

 Article History: Received 8 February 2019, Received in revised form 21 May 2019, Accepted 30 May 2019

 Acknowledgement:

No Acknowledgement.

 Compliance with ethical standards

 Conflict of interest:  The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

 Citation:

 Atak M, Kara C, and Asilsoy B et al. (2019). The urban heat island in a coastal Mediterranean city: The case study of Kyrenia, Cyprus. International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 6(8): 1-8

 Permanent Link to this page

 Figures

 Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Fig. 4 Fig. 5 Fig. 6 Fig. 7 Fig. 8 Fig. 9 

 Tables

 No Table

----------------------------------------------

 References (18) 

  1. Akbari H, Kurn DM, Bretz SE, and Hanford JW (1997). Peak power and cooling energy savings of shade trees. Energy and Buildings, 25(2): 139-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7788(96)01003-1   [Google Scholar]
  2. Alexandri E and Jones P (2008). Temperature decreases in an urban canyon due to green walls and green roofs in diverse climates. Building and Environment, 43(4): 480-493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.10.055   [Google Scholar]
  3. Bowler DE, Buyung-Ali L, Knight TM, and Pullin AS (2010). Urban greening to cool towns and cities: A systematic review of the empirical evidence. Landscape and Urban Planning, 97(3): 147-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2010.05.006   [Google Scholar]
  4. Darilmaz E (2017). Aliphatic hydrocarbons in coastal sediments of the Northern Cyprus (Eastern Mediterranean). Environmental Earth Sciences, 76(5): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-017-6537-5   [Google Scholar]
  5. DPÖ (2013). Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus State planning organization, statistics and research department. Devlet Planlama Örgütü, Nicosia, Cyprus.  
  6. Fuller ÖÖ, Merakli MK, and Gücel S (2016). Important plant areas along the Kyrenia mountains, Cyprus. Journal of International Scientific Publications: Ecology and Safety, 10: 349-359.   [Google Scholar]
  7. Giannakopoulos C, Hadjinicolaou P, Kostopoulou E, Varotsos KV, and Zerefos C (2010). Precipitation and temperature regime over Cyprus as a result of global climate change. Advances in Geosciences, 23: 17-24. https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-23-17-2010   [Google Scholar]
  8. Griggs C, Pearson C, Manning SW, and Lorentzen B (2014). A 250‐year annual precipitation reconstruction and drought assessment for Cyprus from Pinus brutia Ten. tree‐rings. International Journal of Climatology, 34(8): 2702-2714. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.3869   [Google Scholar]
  9. Kar S, Kothandaraman J, Goeppert A, and Prakash GS (2018). Advances in catalytic homogeneous hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to methanol. Journal of CO2 Utilization, 23: 212-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcou.2017.10.023   [Google Scholar]
  10. Mentens J, Raes D, and Hermy M (2006). Green roofs as a tool for solving the rainwater runoff problem in the urbanized 21st century?. Landscape and Urban Planning, 77(3): 217-226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2005.02.010   [Google Scholar]
  11. Ozay N (2005). A comparative study of climatically responsive house design at various periods of Northern Cyprus architecture. Building and Environment, 40(6): 841-852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2004.08.024   [Google Scholar]
  12. Pace R, Biber P, Pretzsch H, and Grote R (2018). Modeling ecosystem services for park trees: Sensitivity of i-tree eco simulations to light exposure and tree species classification. Forests, 9(2): 89-106. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9020089   [Google Scholar]
  13. Rowe DB (2011). Green roofs as a means of pollution abatement. Environmental Pollution, 159(8-9): 2100-2110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2010.10.029   [Google Scholar] PMid:21074914
  14. Susca T, Gaffin SR, and Dell’Osso GR (2011). Positive effects of vegetation: Urban heat island and green roofs. Environmental Pollution, 159(8-9): 2119-2126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2011.03.007   [Google Scholar] PMid:21481997
  15. Taleghani M (2018). Outdoor thermal comfort by different heat mitigation strategies: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 81(part2): 2011-2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.06.010   [Google Scholar]
  16. Theophilou MK and Serghides D (2014). Heat island effect for Nicosia, Cyprus. Advances in Building Energy Research, 8(1): 63-73. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512549.2014.890538   [Google Scholar]
  17. Tumini I and Rubio-Bellido C (2016). Measuring climate change impact on urban microclimate: A case study of concepción. Procedia Engineering, 161: 2290-2296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.08.830   [Google Scholar]
  18. Zinzi M and Agnoli S (2012). Cool and green roofs: An energy and comfort comparison between passive cooling and mitigation urban heat island techniques for residential buildings in the Mediterranean region. Energy and Buildings, 55: 66-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.09.024   [Google Scholar]