International journal of

ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES

EISSN: 2313-3724, Print ISSN:2313-626X

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 Volume 6, Issue 7 (July 2019), Pages: 77-82

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 Original Research Paper

 Title: The effect of normal treatment methods at home in the removal of heavy metals from surface of rice distributed in Riyadh region

 Author(s): Hanan F. A. AL-Harbi *, Mashael Makki Mohammed Aljaish, Nora Hamad Saad Aljhfl

 Affiliation(s):

 Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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 * Corresponding Author. 

  Corresponding author's ORCID profile: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4653-8717

 Digital Object Identifier: 

 https://doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2019.07.010

 Abstract:

Cleaning of rice with water with or without prior soaking may decrease the levels of heavy metals. The current study evaluated the efficacy of ordinary treatment techniques such as water washing in expelling the heavy metals found on the rice grains. Three varieties of rice were chosen: Abu Kass and Al Walimah from Riyadh area. Assessments were performed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The two most common treatment techniques were washing a few times or after soaking for two hours. Diverse rates of heavy metals were present on the surface of rice grains of various types. A total of 15 different types of metals were found on the surface of samples with Zn, Cu, and Pb being present in all varieties of rice. Washing several times and soaking for two hours was effective in removing heavy metals from rice. However, important elements like Zn (15.9%), Mg (23.82%), K (22.05%) and Ca (16.75%) were lost to water after washing for several times. Interestingly, the concentrations of Hg and Pb were found to be high in Abu Kass rice (Hg: 19.7%; Pb: 13.4%); this can raise serious health concerns warranting further investigations. The presence of Pt in Abu Kass rice without washing (54.5%) and after washing several times (73.7%) is also a cause of concern. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of washing for several times and soaking for two hours to help in total dilution or removal of the elements. Soaking followed by washing may be more effective in removing more elements. 

 © 2019 The Authors. Published by IASE.

 This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

 Keywords: Heavy metals, Rice, Scanning electron microscope, Soaking, Washing

 Article History: Received 10 February 2019, Received in revised form 9 May 2019, Accepted 15 May 2019

 Acknowledgement:

This research project was supported by a grant from the “Research Center of the Female Scientific and Medical Colleges”, Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

 Compliance with ethical standards

 Conflict of interest:  The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

 Citation:

 AL-Harbi HFA, Aljaish MMM, and Aljhfl NHS (2019). The effect of normal treatment methods at home in the removal of heavy metals from surface of rice distributed in Riyadh region. International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 6(7): 77-82

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 Figures

 Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3 

 Tables

 Table 1 

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