International journal of

ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES

EISSN: 2313-3724, Print ISSN:2313-626X

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 Volume 6, Issue 5 (May 2019), Pages: 92-101

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 Review Paper

 Title: People perception of autonomous vehicles: Legal and ethical issues

 Author(s): Irum Feroz 1, *, Nadeem Ahmad 1, Muhammad Waseem Iqbal 1, Natash Ali Main 2, Syed Khuram Shahzad 1

 Affiliation(s):

 1Department of Computer Science and IT, The Superior College (University Campus), Lahore, Pakistan
 2School of Computer and Information Technology, Beacon House National University, Lahore, Pakistan

  Full Text - PDF          XML

 * Corresponding Author. 

  Corresponding author's ORCID profile: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3781-5268

 Digital Object Identifier: 

 https://doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2019.05.015

 Abstract:

In past five years, self-driving or autonomous cars have achieved a great milestone that now they are commercially available as the Waymo Company emerged from Google autonomous car has started its service in suburbs of Phoenix from December 2018. Autonomous cars are able to sense their surrounding environment and their control system is able to interpret that information to identify navigation paths, road barriers and traffic signals. The journey of autonomous cars produced many questions regarding legal and ethical issues of autonomous cars. These cars combine a variety of information from its sensors including radars, lidar, sonar, GPS and odometry for real-time decision making. In this article, we have reviewed the literature to understand primary questions related to liability, ethics, and legal issues. From the last six years, 523 papers were selected, which were further shortlisted on the basis of relevance. Finally, 84 papers were shortlisted to conclude the discussion on tort liability, products, and strict liability. The utilitarianism, deontological and virtue ethics theories were discussed in terms of writing ethical code for designing autonomous cars. These cars are expected to decrease accidents by centralized traffic system through inter-vehicle communication. Furthermore, an online survey of 2021 participants was conducted in five different countries to understand perception and trust on different autonomy levels in self-driving cars. The participants showed their level of trust from a safety perspective, their concern about one time cost in the start, need of legislation by local governments and fear of rising in unemployment due to autonomous cars. The results indicate mix perception where people want this technology but are concerned about legal and ethical implications. The paper is helpful for researchers, manufacturers and law enforcement agencies in the implementation of autonomous cars. 

 © 2019 The Authors. Published by IASE.

 This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

 Keywords: Autonomous vehicles, Ethical issues, Self-driving, User perception, Vehicular interfaces

 Article History: Received 24 October 2018, Received in revised form 3 March 2019, Accepted 27 March 2019

 Acknowledgement:

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. 

 Compliance with ethical standards

 Conflict of interest:  The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

 Citation:

 Feroz I, Ahmad N, and Iqbal MW et al. (2019). People perception of autonomous vehicles: Legal and ethical issues. International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 6(5): 92-101

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 Figures

 Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3 

 Tables

 Table 1 Table 2 Table 3

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