International journal of

ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES

EISSN: 2313-3724, Print ISSN:2313-626X

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 Volume 6, Issue 11 (November 2019), Pages: 35-41

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 Original Research Paper

 Title: Impact of hydrodynamic forces on a static vehicle at varying Froude numbers under partial submergence and subcritical flow conditions

 Author(s): Syed Muzzamil Hussain Shah, Zahiraniza Mustaffa *, Khamaruzaman Wan Yusof

 Affiliation(s):

 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia

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 * Corresponding Author. 

  Corresponding author's ORCID profile: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8002-8764

 Digital Object Identifier: 

 https://doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2019.11.006

 Abstract:

Roads are often the first assets affected by inundations which usually ends up as a serious hazard to the traffic. A vehicle, when submerged in floodwaters, is affected by several hydrodynamic forces, namely frictional, buoyancy, lift and drag forces. An understanding of the relevant forces involved is necessary to attempt to characterize the stability thresholds of vehicles in floodwaters. With that regards, a series of flume experiments were conducted on a static scaled model vehicle, Volkswagen Scirocco (1:24) which ensured the similarity laws. To assess the limiting thresholds that could lead to the stability failure modes, the vehicle was controlled to be partially submerged under the subcritical flow conditions. The vehicle was placed at the same domain with different orientations, namely 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, 315° and 360° for each run to reduce inconsistencies in the test data. Based on the varying hydraulic variables assessed from the experimental runs, the hydrodynamic forces were theoretically estimated. Later, the relation between the hydrodynamic forces at varying Froude numbers was determined. From the study outcomes, an inverse relation of Froude number with respect to buoyancy force was noticed. On the other hand, an increment in the lift force slightly increased the Froude number. Similarly, a positive trend between the drag and frictional forces with respect to the Froude number was witnessed. 

 © 2019 The Authors. Published by IASE.

 This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

 Keywords: Floodwaters, Hydrodynamic forces, Froude number, Static vehicle, Partial submergence, Subcritical flow

 Article History: Received 29 April 2019, Received in revised form 31 August 2019, Accepted 2 September 2019

 Acknowledgement:

This research was supported by University Technology PETRONAS (UTP) Internal Grant (URIF 0153AAG24), the Prototype Fund Grant (Cost Centre: 015PBA–008) and the Technology Innovation Program (Grant No.: 10053121) funded by the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (MI, Korea).

 Compliance with ethical standards

 Conflict of interest:  The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

 Citation:

 Shah SMH, Mustaffa Z, and Yusof KW (2019). Impact of hydrodynamic forces on a static vehicle at varying Froude numbers under partial submergence and subcritical flow conditions. International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 6(11): 35-41

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 Figures

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